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if在英语句子中的用法都有哪些?

时间:2019-05-28 13:42:53  
来源:平和英语村  作者:Myron Chen

 book 23_副本.jpg

 

 

一、表示条件假如”“如果

 

if作为连词,引导条件状语从句,它表示的意思是假如”“如果等。在这种用法中,有一个我们常念叨的使用规则——主将从现,也就是在复合句中主句用将来时,if引导的状语从句用一般现在时。例如:

1. He will come if you invite him.

如果你邀请他,他会来的。

2. If it doesn't rain, we will go to the park next Sunday.

如果天不下雨,下周星期天我们将去公园。

 

二、表示虚拟假如”“要是

 

if的虚拟语气用法,主要就是搞清楚三种虚拟情况下的主句和从句时态。时态的退后是虚拟语气特点。把下面的这个表格牢牢的记住吧。

 

A.与现在事实相反的假设,主从句时态为:if条件句(从句)用一般过去时,主句用 would/could/should/might +动词原形。例如:

If I were you,I would take an umbrella.

如果我是你,我会带把伞。(事实:我不可能是你)

If they were here,they would help you.

如果他们在这儿的话,他们会帮你的。(事实:他们不在这儿)

 

B.与过去事实相反的假设,主从句时态为:if条件句(从句)用过去完成时,主句用 would/could/should/might have + 动词的过去分词。例如:

If he had come yesterday,I should/would have told him about it.

如果他昨天来了,我就会告诉他了。(事实:他昨天没来)

If I had got there earlier, I should/could have met her.

如果我早到那儿,我就会见到她。 (事实:我去晚了)

 

C.与将来事实可能相反或对将来的假想,从句时态有三种:

if条件句(从句) 主句

一般过去时

should + 动词原形 would/could/should/might +动词原形

were + 不定式

例如:

If you succeeded, everything would be all right.

If you should succeed, everything would be all right.

If you were to succeed, everything would be all right.

如果你能成功,一切都会好起来。

 

三、表示让步即使是虽说

 

if作为连词,引导让步状语从句。这时if的意思是即使是虽说。例如:

1. If she’s poorat least she’s honest. 虽说她很穷,但至少她还是诚实的。

2. I’ll do it, even if it takes me all the afternoon. 即使会花费我一下午的时间,我还是要做这事。

 

四、表示是否

 

if作为连词还可以引导宾语从句。引导宾语从句时和whether意思相同,表示是否。例如:

1. Lily asked if / whether she liked it. 莉莉问她是否喜欢它。

2. She asked if / whether they had a cotton one. 她问是否他们有一件棉织的。

 

五、表示沮丧、惊奇

 

if后接否定动词,用于感叹句中,表示沮丧、惊奇等。例如:

1. Wellif I haven’t left my false teeth at home!

真倒霉,我把假牙丢在家里了!

2. And if he didn’t try to knock me down!

他竟然想把我击倒!

 

六、if与其它一些介词的连用

 

asif连用,它的意思是:仿佛、好像同样引导从句。例如:

1. He looked as if he was ill.

他看起来好像生病了。

2. It seems as if it is going to rain.

看来好像要下雨了。

另外as if还可以引导感叹句。例如:

As if I would allow it!(i.e.I would certainly not allow it!)

好像我会答应似的!(我才不会答应!)

ifonly连用,常常用来表达强烈的愿望或遗憾,主要用在虚拟语气中,常被译为但愿要是……该多好啊等。尤其用于感叹句中。例如:

1. If only I were as clever as you

要是我像你一样聪明该多好啊!

2. If only she had known about it!

她那时要是知道这事就好了!

 

说起if的用法,脑子里自然配了首背景音乐 Beyonce——If I were a boy

碧昂斯是女的,如果我是个男孩,与现在事实相反,主句用would/could/should/might +动词原形,从句用一般过去时。

If I were a boy 如果我是一个男孩

Even just for a day 哪怕只是一天也好

would roll out of bed in the morning 我会一大早起床

......

If I were a boy 如果我是一个男孩

I think that I could understand 我想我会明白

How it feels to love a girl 爱上一个女孩子是什么样的感受

......

If I were a boy 如果我是一个男孩

would turn off my phone 我会关掉手机


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